# started 2014-08-17T08:43:06Z "\u00CDsland er n\u00E6st st\u00E6rsta eyjan \u00ED Evr\u00F3pu, 103 \u00FE\u00FAsund km\u00B2 a\u00F0 st\u00E6r\u00F0. \u00CDsland er \u00E1 heitum reit \u00E1 Atlantshafshryggnum t\u00E6plega 300 km austan vi\u00F0 Gr\u00E6nland. \u00C1 \u00CDslandi er mikil eldvirkni og v\u00ED\u00F0a jar\u00F0hiti, v\u00ED\u00F0a eru heitir hverir og er jar\u00F0hitinn n\u00FDttur til upphitunar h\u00FAsa. Um \u00FEa\u00F0 bil 10% eyjarinnar er undir j\u00F6klum, t\u00E6plega fj\u00F3r\u00F0ungur er gr\u00F3inn, r\u00FAmlega helmingur er au\u00F0n og um 75% telst til h\u00E1lendis. Eyjan er vogskorin nema su\u00F0urstr\u00F6ndin, og flestir \u00FE\u00E9ttb\u00FDlissta\u00F0ir standa vi\u00F0 fir\u00F0i, v\u00EDkur og voga.Helstu \u00FE\u00E9ttb\u00FDlissta\u00F0ir eru \u00E1 h\u00F6fu\u00F0borgarsv\u00E6\u00F0inu \u00FEar sem Reykjav\u00EDk, K\u00F3pavogur, Gar\u00F0ab\u00E6r, Hafnarfj\u00F6r\u00F0ur og Mosfellsb\u00E6r liggja saman. Me\u00F0al st\u00F3rra b\u00E6a \u00ED dreifb\u00FDli m\u00E1 nefna Akureyri, h\u00F6fu\u00F0sta\u00F0 Nor\u00F0urlands, \u00CDsafj\u00F6r\u00F0 \u00E1 Vestfj\u00F6r\u00F0um, \u00FE\u00E9ttb\u00FDli \u00ED Reykjanesb\u00E6 \u00E1 Reykjanesi og Vestmannaeyjar."@is . "Nefnifall (skammstafa\u00F0 sem nf.) er fall sem fallor\u00F0 geta sta\u00F0i\u00F0 \u00ED. Nefnifall er almennt nota\u00F0 fyrir frumlag setninga og fyrir sagnfyllingar."@is . "Getur l\u00EDka \u00E1tt vi\u00F0 \u00CDslenska menningu, b\u00F3k Sigur\u00F0ar Nordals. \u00CDslensk menning er menning \u00CDslendinga. H\u00FAn er \u00FEekkt fyrir b\u00F3kmenntas\u00F6gu s\u00EDna, sem er bygg\u00F0 \u00E1 h\u00F6fundum fr\u00E1 12. og 14. \u00F6ldum."@is . "Au\u00F0ur Au\u00F0uns (f\u00E6dd \u00E1 \u00CDsafir\u00F0i 18. febr\u00FAar 1911, l\u00E9st 19. okt\u00F3ber 1999) var \u00EDslenskur l\u00F6gfr\u00E6\u00F0ingur og stj\u00F3rnm\u00E1lama\u00F0ur til margra \u00E1ra. H\u00FAn var fyrsta konan sem \u00FAtskrifa\u00F0ist \u00E1 \u00CDslandi sem l\u00F6gfr\u00E6\u00F0ingur og fyrsta konan sem var\u00F0 borgarstj\u00F3ri Reykjarv\u00EDkur og r\u00E1\u00F0herra \u00E1 \u00CDslandi."@is . "Sj\u00E1 a\u00F0greiningars\u00ED\u00F0una fyrir yfirlit yfir a\u00F0rar merkingar \u201EEvr\u00F3pa\u201CEvr\u00F3pa e\u00F0a Nor\u00F0ur\u00E1lfa er ein af sj\u00F6 heims\u00E1lfum jar\u00F0arinnar, \u00ED \u00FEessu tilviki m\u00E6tti frekar kalla \u00E1lfuna menningarsv\u00E6\u00F0i heldur en \u00E1kve\u00F0na sta\u00F0h\u00E1ttafr\u00E6\u00F0ilega heild, sem lei\u00F0ir til \u00E1greinings um landam\u00E6ri \u00E1lfunnar. Evr\u00F3pa er, sem heims\u00E1lfa, sta\u00F0sett \u00E1 miklum skaga \u00FAr As\u00EDu (Evr\u00F3puskaganum), og myndar me\u00F0 henni Evras\u00EDu.Landam\u00E6ri Evr\u00F3pu eru n\u00E1tt\u00FAruleg a\u00F0 mestu leyti. \u00DEau liggja um Nor\u00F0ur-\u00CDshaf \u00ED nor\u00F0ri, Atlantshaf \u00ED vestri (a\u00F0 \u00CDslandi me\u00F0t\u00F6ldu), um Mi\u00F0jar\u00F0arhaf, Dardanellasund og Bosp\u00F3russund \u00ED su\u00F0ri og eru svo yfirleitt talin liggja um \u00DAralfj\u00F6ll \u00ED austri. Flestir telja K\u00E1kasusfj\u00F6ll einnig afmarka Evr\u00F3pu \u00ED su\u00F0ri og Kasp\u00EDahaf \u00ED su\u00F0austri.Evr\u00F3pa er n\u00E6stminnsta heims\u00E1lfan a\u00F0 flatarm\u00E1li, en h\u00FAn er um 10.390.000 ferk\u00EDl\u00F3metrar e\u00F0a 2,0 % af yfirbor\u00F0i jar\u00F0arinnar. Hva\u00F0 var\u00F0ar \u00EDb\u00FAafj\u00F6lda er Evr\u00F3pa \u00FEri\u00F0ja fj\u00F6lmennasta heims\u00E1lfan, \u00E1 eftir As\u00EDu og Afr\u00EDku. \u00CD henni b\u00FAa fleiri en 710.000.000 manna. \u00DEa\u00F0 eru 12 % af \u00EDb\u00FAafj\u00F6lda heimsins.Evr\u00F3pusambandi\u00F0 (ESB) er st\u00E6rsta p\u00F3lit\u00EDska og efnahagslega eining \u00E1lfunnar en \u00FEv\u00ED tilheyra 27 a\u00F0ildarr\u00EDki. N\u00E6stst\u00E6rsta einingin er R\u00FAssland."@is . "Fors\u00E6tisr\u00E1\u00F0herra \u00CDslands er h\u00F6fu\u00F0 r\u00EDkisstj\u00F3rnar \u00CDslands l\u00EDkt og \u00ED flestum \u00FEeim l\u00F6ndum \u00FEar sem h\u00F6fu\u00F0 r\u00EDkisstj\u00F3rnar er ekki \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0h\u00F6f\u00F0ingi."@is . "Lofs\u00F6ngur er s\u00E1lmur eftir Matth\u00EDas Jochumsson vi\u00F0 lag Sveinbj\u00F6rns Sveinbj\u00F6rnssonar sami\u00F0 fyrir \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0h\u00E1t\u00ED\u00F0 \u00ED tilefni af \u00FE\u00FAsund \u00E1ra afm\u00E6li \u00CDslandsbygg\u00F0ar \u00E1ri\u00F0 1874. Lag og lj\u00F3\u00F0 voru frumflutt af bl\u00F6ndu\u00F0um k\u00F3r vi\u00F0 h\u00E1t\u00ED\u00F0argu\u00F0s\u00FEj\u00F3nustu sem h\u00F3fst klukkan 10:30 \u00ED D\u00F3mkirkjunni \u00ED Reykjav\u00EDk sunnudaginn 2. \u00E1g\u00FAst 1874 sem Lofs\u00F6ngur \u00ED minningu \u00CDslands \u00FE\u00FAsund \u00E1ra og var konungur Danmerkur (og \u00FEar me\u00F0 konungur \u00CDslands), Kristj\u00E1n IX, vi\u00F0staddur \u00FE\u00E1 ath\u00F6fn.Lj\u00F3\u00F0i\u00F0 \u00F6\u00F0la\u00F0ist \u00ED kj\u00F6lfar \u00FEess vins\u00E6ldir me\u00F0al almennings sem \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0s\u00F6ngur og var flutt sem sl\u00EDkt vi\u00F0 fullveldist\u00F6kuna 1918, s\u00FA sta\u00F0a lj\u00F3\u00F0s og lags var svo fest \u00ED \u201El\u00F6g um \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0s\u00F6ng \u00CDslendinga\u201C [1], sem voru sam\u00FEykkt \u00E1 Al\u00FEingi 8. mars 1983 og t\u00F3ku gildi 25. mars sama \u00E1r. \u00C1\u00F0ur var v\u00EDsan Eldgamla \u00CDsafold eftir Bjarna Thorarensen vi\u00F0 lagi\u00F0 God Save the Queen oft sungin sem einhvers konar \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0s\u00F6ngur, en \u00FEa\u00F0 \u00FE\u00F3tti ekki h\u00E6fa a\u00F0 notast vi\u00F0 sama lag og a\u00F0rar \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0ir nota vi\u00F0 \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0s\u00F6ng sinn.Lofs\u00F6ngurinn gengur oftast undir heitinu \u00D3, Gu\u00F0 vors lands, sem er fyrsta lj\u00F3\u00F0l\u00EDna hans og er \u00FEa\u00F0 me\u00F0al annars nota\u00F0 sem heiti lj\u00F3\u00F0sins \u00ED l\u00F6gum um \u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0s\u00F6nginn, en er \u00FE\u00F3 skrifa\u00F0 \u00FEar \u00E1n kommu \u00E1 eftir \u00F3\u2013inu."@is . "Borgarstj\u00F3ri Reykjav\u00EDkur er \u00E6\u00F0sta emb\u00E6tti Reykjav\u00EDkurborgar. N\u00FAverandi borgarstj\u00F3ri er J\u00F3n Gnarr.\u00CD b\u00E6jarstj\u00F3rnarl\u00F6gum fyrir Reykjav\u00EDk sem sett voru \u00E1ri\u00F0 1907 var \u00ED fyrsta sinn kve\u00F0i\u00F0 \u00E1 um emb\u00E6tti borgarstj\u00F3ra. Emb\u00E6tti\u00F0 var augl\u00FDst \u00E1ri\u00F0 1908 og s\u00F3ttu tveir um st\u00F6\u00F0una, \u00FEeir P\u00E1ll Einarsson og Knud Zimsen. P\u00E1ll var r\u00E1\u00F0inn til sex \u00E1ra en a\u00F0 \u00FEeim t\u00EDma loknum \u00E1kva\u00F0 hann a\u00F0 h\u00E6tta st\u00F6rfum og Knud Zimsen t\u00F3k vi\u00F0 emb\u00E6ttinu. Hann h\u00E9lt \u00FEv\u00ED til \u00E1rsins 1932.Eftirtaldir hafa gegnt emb\u00E6tti borgarstj\u00F3ra \u00ED Reykjav\u00EDk:"@is . "Danm\u00F6rk (danska: Danmark; frambur\u00F0ur ) er land \u00ED Evr\u00F3pu sem \u00E1samt Gr\u00E6nlandi og F\u00E6reyjum myndar Konungsr\u00EDki\u00F0 Danm\u00F6rk.Danm\u00F6rk samanstendur af J\u00F3tlandsskaga og 443 eyjum en af \u00FEeim eru 72 (2007) bygg\u00F0ar. Landi\u00F0 liggur a\u00F0 sj\u00F3 a\u00F0 vestan, nor\u00F0an og austan. A\u00F0 vestan er Nor\u00F0ursj\u00F3r, Skagerrak og Kattegat a\u00F0 nor\u00F0vestan og nor\u00F0austan og Eystrasalt a\u00F0 austan, en a\u00F0 sunnan \u00E1 Danm\u00F6rk landam\u00E6ri a\u00F0 \u00DE\u00FDskalandi vi\u00F0 su\u00F0urenda J\u00F3tlands.J\u00F3tland er skagi sem gengur til nor\u00F0urs \u00FAt \u00FAr Evr\u00F3puskaganum. \u00DEa\u00F0 er st\u00E6rsti hluti Danmerkur. Auk J\u00F3tlandsskagans er mikill fj\u00F6ldi bygg\u00F0ra eyja sem eru \u00ED Eystrasalti. St\u00E6rstar eru Sj\u00E1land og Fj\u00F3n. Helstu borgir eru Kaupmannah\u00F6fn \u00E1 Sj\u00E1landi; \u00D3\u00F0insv\u00E9 \u00E1 Fj\u00F3ni; \u00C1r\u00F3sar, \u00C1laborg, Esbjerg, Randers, Kolding, Horsens og Vejle \u00E1 J\u00F3tlandi.Danm\u00F6rk var \u00E1\u00F0ur mun v\u00ED\u00F0\u00E1ttumeira r\u00EDki en \u00FEa\u00F0 er \u00ED dag. B\u00E6\u00F0i \u00E1tti \u00FEa\u00F0 miklar lendur austan Eyrarsunds, Sk\u00E1n, Halland og Bleiking og einnig b\u00E6\u00F0i h\u00E9ru\u00F0in Sl\u00E9sv\u00EDk og Holtsetaland og n\u00E1\u00F0u landam\u00E6rin su\u00F0ur fyrir Hamborg \u00FEegar veldi\u00F0 var sem mest.Danska konungs\u00E6ttin er elsta r\u00EDkjandi konungs\u00E6tt \u00ED heimi. \u00C1 n\u00EDtj\u00E1ndu \u00F6ld gekk Noregur \u00FAr konungssambandi vi\u00F0 Danm\u00F6rku og var \u00FE\u00E1 um t\u00EDma undir s\u00E6nska konunginum. \u00C1 20. \u00F6ld f\u00E9kk svo \u00CDsland sj\u00E1lfst\u00E6\u00F0i fr\u00E1 D\u00F6num, en F\u00E6reyjar og Gr\u00E6nland eru enn \u00ED konungssambandi vi\u00F0 Danm\u00F6rku \u00FE\u00F3 a\u00F0 b\u00E6\u00F0i l\u00F6ndin hafi fengi\u00F0 heimastj\u00F3rn.F\u00F3tbolti er lang vins\u00E6lasta \u00ED\u00FEr\u00F3ttin \u00ED Danm\u00F6rku."@is . "S\u00FDslur \u00CDslands eru fyrrverandi stj\u00F3rns\u00FDslueiningar sem eru ekki lengur opinberlega \u00ED gildi. \u00DE\u00F3 eru \u00ED gildi emb\u00E6tti s\u00FDslumanna en stj\u00F3rns\u00FDsluumd\u00E6mi s\u00FDslumanna r\u00E1\u00F0ast af legu sveitarf\u00E9laga. \u00CD daglegu tali er enn tala\u00F0 um s\u00FDslur.\u00CD flokkunarkerfi Sarps er minjum \u00FAthlutu\u00F0 landfr\u00E6\u00F0ileg sta\u00F0setning eftir s\u00FDslum."@is . "Noregur er land, \u00E1 Skandinav\u00EDuskaganum \u00ED Nor\u00F0ur-Evr\u00F3pu, hefur landam\u00E6ri a\u00F0 Sv\u00ED\u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0, Finnlandi og R\u00FAsslandi og er eitt Nor\u00F0urlandanna. \u00CD Noregi b\u00FAa um \u00FEa\u00F0 bil 5.000.000 manns (2012). H\u00F6fu\u00F0borg landsins er Osl\u00F3. Tungum\u00E1l Nor\u00F0manna er norska (sem hefur tv\u00F6 opinber ritunarform, b\u00F3km\u00E1l og n\u00FDnorsku), \u00E1samt sam\u00EDskum tungum\u00E1lum. Norskt talm\u00E1l einkennist af miklum m\u00E1ll\u00FDskumun. Notkun m\u00E1ll\u00FDsku \u00ED venjulegu talm\u00E1li er jafn algeng hj\u00E1 \u00FEeim sem nota b\u00F3km\u00E1l eins og \u00FEeim sem nota n\u00FDnorsku sem ritm\u00E1l. Noregur er sagt vera fri\u00F0s\u00E6lasta land \u00ED heimi, \u00E1ri\u00F0 2007 samkv\u00E6mt Global Peace Index."@is . "Marteinn L\u00FAther (stundum l\u00EDka Marteinn L\u00FAter \u00E1 \u00EDslensku) (10. n\u00F3vember 1483 \u2013 18. febr\u00FAar 1546) (\u00FE\u00FDska: Martin Luther) var \u00FE\u00FDskur munkur af \u00C1g\u00FAst\u00EDnusarreglunni og pr\u00F3fessor \u00ED bibl\u00EDufr\u00E6\u00F0um vi\u00F0 H\u00E1sk\u00F3linn \u00ED Wittenberg. Hann er \u00FEekktastur fyrir a\u00F0 vera einn af si\u00F0b\u00F3tarm\u00F6nnum kirkjunnar \u00E1 16. \u00F6ld. Vi\u00F0 hann er kennd evangel\u00EDsk-l\u00FAthersk kirkja. L\u00FAther var fj\u00F6lh\u00E6fur gu\u00F0fr\u00E6\u00F0ingur og i\u00F0inn rith\u00F6fundur. Eftir hann liggur miki\u00F0 safn rita af \u00FDmsum toga. Hann st\u00F3\u00F0 einnig fyrir \u00FE\u00FD\u00F0ingu Bibl\u00EDunnar yfir \u00E1 \u00FE\u00FDsku.Marteinn L\u00FAther negldi t\u00E1knr\u00E6nt skjal \u00E1 dyr kirkjunnar \u00ED Wittenberg, \u00FEar sem hann setti fram \u00ED 95 greinum kenningar s\u00EDnar um kristna tr\u00FA og lei\u00F0ir til \u00FEess a\u00F0 endurb\u00E6ta hana, \u00FE\u00E1 s\u00E9r \u00ED lagi me\u00F0 tilliti til s\u00F6lu \u00E1 syndaaflausn. Me\u00F0 \u00FEessum gj\u00F6rningi kom hann af sta\u00F0 M\u00F3tm\u00E6lendahreyfingunni innan R\u00F3mversk-ka\u00FE\u00F3lsku kirkjunnar sem \u00FEr\u00F3a\u00F0ist loks \u00ED evangel\u00EDsku-l\u00FAthersku kirkjuna."@is . "Konungsr\u00EDki\u00F0 Sv\u00ED\u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0 (s\u00E6nska: Konungariket Sverige) er land \u00ED Nor\u00F0ur-Evr\u00F3pu og eitt Nor\u00F0urlandanna. Landam\u00E6ri liggja a\u00F0 Noregi til vesturs og Finnlandi til nor\u00F0austurs, landi\u00F0 tengist Danm\u00F6rku me\u00F0 Eyrarsundsbr\u00FAnni. Einnig liggur landi\u00F0 a\u00F0 Eystrasaltinu til austurs. Sv\u00ED\u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0 er fj\u00F6lmennust Nor\u00F0urlanda me\u00F0 yfir n\u00EDu millj\u00F3nir \u00EDb\u00FAa en er \u00FE\u00F3 frekar strj\u00E1lb\u00FDlt. Langflestir \u00EDb\u00FAanna b\u00FAa \u00ED su\u00F0urhluta landsins.H\u00F6fu\u00F0borg Sv\u00ED\u00FEj\u00F3\u00F0ar er Stokkh\u00F3lmur. A\u00F0rar st\u00E6rstu borgir landsins, \u00ED st\u00E6r\u00F0arr\u00F6\u00F0, eru Gautaborg, M\u00E1lmey, Uppsalir, Link\u00F6ping, V\u00E4ster\u00E5s, \u00D6rebro, Karlstad, Norrk\u00F6ping, Helsingjaborg, J\u00F6nk\u00F6ping, G\u00E4vle, Sundsvall og Ume\u00E5.Um helmingur landsins er sk\u00F3gi vaxinn (a\u00F0allega greni og furu) sem n\u00FDtt er \u00ED timbur- og papp\u00EDrsger\u00F0. \u00CD su\u00F0urhluta landsins eru einnig eikar\u2013 og beykisk\u00F3gar. \u00CD nor\u00F0urhluta landsins er mikil n\u00E1muvinnsla; einkum er \u00FEar unninn j\u00E1rnm\u00E1lmur en \u00FEar er einnig a\u00F0 finna \u00FDmsa a\u00F0ra m\u00E1lma. A\u00F0ali\u00F0na\u00F0arsv\u00E6\u00F0i\u00F0 er um mitt landi\u00F0 en landb\u00FAna\u00F0ur einkennir mj\u00F6g su\u00F0urhlutann."@is . "P\u00F3lland (p\u00F3lska: Polska), a\u00F0 fullu nafni L\u00FD\u00F0veldi\u00F0 P\u00F3lland (p\u00F3lska: Rzeczpospolita Polska, kass\u00FAb\u00EDska: P\u00F2lsk\u00F4 Rep\u00F9blika, siles\u00EDska: Polsko Republika), er land \u00ED Evr\u00F3pu. \u00DEa\u00F0 \u00E1 landam\u00E6ri a\u00F0 \u00DE\u00FDskalandi \u00ED vestri, T\u00E9kklandi og Sl\u00F3vak\u00EDu \u00ED su\u00F0ri, \u00DAkra\u00EDnu, Hv\u00EDta-R\u00FAsslandi og Lith\u00E1en \u00ED austri og R\u00FAsslandi \u00ED nor\u00F0ri. Landi\u00F0 \u00E1 str\u00F6nd a\u00F0 Eystrasalti og renna \u00FEar \u00E1rnar Odra og Visla \u00ED sj\u00F3. P\u00F3lland er 312.679 ferk\u00EDl\u00F3metrar a\u00F0 flatarm\u00E1li og er \u00FEa\u00F0 n\u00EDunda st\u00E6rsta land Evr\u00F3pu. \u00CDb\u00FAar landsins eru r\u00FAmlega 38 millj\u00F3nir og er \u00FEa\u00F0 sj\u00F6tta fj\u00F6lmennasta r\u00EDki Evr\u00F3pusambandsins."@is . "H\u00E1sk\u00F3linn \u00E1 Akureyri er h\u00E1sk\u00F3li \u00ED b\u00E6num Akureyri \u00E1 \u00CDslandi sem stofna\u00F0ur var \u00E1ri\u00F0 1987. Hann hefur vaxi\u00F0 miki\u00F0 s\u00ED\u00F0an og \u00ED dag eru \u00FEar skr\u00E1\u00F0ir \u00ED kring um 1.500 nemendur en af \u00FEeim eru um 500 \u00ED fjarn\u00E1mi en um 900 \u00ED sta\u00F0bundnu n\u00E1mi. Sk\u00F3linn er me\u00F0al \u00FEeirra fremstu \u00E1 \u00CDslandi \u00E1 svi\u00F0i fjarn\u00E1ms."@is . "Handelsh\u00F8yskolen BI (\u00CDsl: Norski vi\u00F0skipta- og stj\u00F3rnunarh\u00E1sk\u00F3linn BI) er einkask\u00F3li, me\u00F0 h\u00F6fu\u00F0st\u00F6\u00F0var r\u00E9tt utan vi\u00F0 \u00D3sl\u00F3 \u00ED Noregi (h\u00F6fu\u00F0st\u00F6\u00F0varnar munu flytjast til \u00D3sl\u00F3 \u00ED \u00E1g\u00FAst 2005) \u00C1ri\u00F0 2002 voru um 19.500 nemendur vi\u00F0 sk\u00F3lan, af \u00FEeim voru um 10.000 \u00ED fullu